|
Nasib al-Bakri (1888 – 1966) was a Syrian politician and nationalist leader in the first half of the 20th century. He played a major role in establishing al-Fatat, an underground organization which sought the independence and unity of the Ottoman Empire's Arab territories. As the chief envoy between al-Fatat and the Hejaz-based Hashemites, Bakri became a close aide to Emir Faisal when the latter became King of Syria following the success of the 1916 Arab Revolt. Bakri opposed the establishment of the French Mandate of Syria and became one of the chief commanders of the Great Syrian Revolt, leading the rebels' brief capture of Damascus. He escaped a death warrant in Syria in 1927, but returned the following year after being amnestied. Bakri served as a representative of Damascus in the Syrian Parliament between 1932 and 1946. He was one of the main coordinators of the 1936 general strike and became Vice President of the National Bloc. He defected to join Abd al-Rahman Shahbandar's party in 1938. During the post-independence period, Bakri was appointed Syria's ambassador to Jordan until resigning 1953 in protest at Adib al-Shishakli's seizure of power. The following year, he became President of the People's Party, but retired in 1957. ==Early life== Nasib was born in Damascus in 1888 to father 'Ata al-Bakri.〔Moubayed, p. 198.〕 Nasib was the second oldest of five sons. 'Ata was an influential official in the city and district councils of Damascus between the 1890s and 1914,〔Atiyeh, p. 259.〕 and was one of the most prominent Arabs to serve in the imperial Ottoman court of Sultan Abdul Hamid II in Constantinople. The al-Bakri family claimed descent from the Islamic prophet Muhammad.〔Muslih, p. 136.〕 They were landowners, possessing lands, homes and commercial venues in their native al-Shaghour quarter and al-Qabun, a village in the Ghouta countryside of Damascus. They also owned some land in Jaramana, a Druze village outside of Damascus and maintained good relations with the local Druze chiefs.〔Provence, 2005, p. 43.〕 When Abdul Hamid II was overthrown during the Young Turk Revolution in 1908, 'Ata lost his favor from the central authorities because of his closeness with the deposed sultan and criticized the revolutionary officers. Consequently, the al-Bakri family realigned itself with Arab nationalists in Syria who opposed the increased Turkish nationalist efforts in the Arabic-speaking territories of the empire.〔〔 'Ata had also developed close ties with the Hashemites of the Hejaz. In 1909 he hosted the Sharif of Mecca, Hussein bin Ali, his brother Nasir, and Abdullah, Sharif Hussein's son, in his Damascus home.〔 Nasib al-Bakri attended Maktab Anbar, a preparatory school in Damascus that attracted the children of the elite and produced several future Arab nationalists.〔 In 1912, al-Bakri graduated from the al-Sultaniya School of Beirut.〔 When Sharif Hussein's son, Faisal, visited Syria in early 1916, he lodged in the al-Bakris' summer house in al-Qabun, outside of Damascus.〔 Prior to this, Nasib and his brothers Fawzi and Sami had joined the budding al-Fatat movement, an underground society advocating Arab independence from the Ottomans. Nasib had become the movement's secretary.〔〔Muslih, pp. 136-137.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nasib al-Bakri」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|